Gauge



Dec. 26, 1933. F. w. YuTzLER GAUGE Filed Feb. 18, 1932 Patented Dec. 26, 1933 Y UNITEDf-STATES PATENT oFrlc-E A' MGAUGE Fred W. Yutzler, fRome, N. Y., assig'nor to The Kent Company, Inc., Rome, N. Y., a corporation j i of New York s .Application February 1s, 1932. j serial No. 593,787

' 4 claims.v (ci. 73-31) .5 Thev class of gauges to which the invention relates is that employing acolumn of liquid, the height of which is measured .for the purpose of ascertaining the vacuum or pressure. Ordinarily, such gauges consist o f arU-tubewithrabody of mercury or other liquid therein and the-*pressure or vacuum lis applied to the toprofvone branchvof the tube and readings ofl the levels of the liquid in the two,k branches ofk the tube are measured and, from these readings, the difference Ain height of the two columns of liquid is determined. l n c c. f. It is one ofthe objects of the present invention to provide a gauge ofthe type employing a column cf liquid, that will permit the vacuum 20 or pressure'to beread directly and without the 'necessity for calculating the difference in the height of two columns zof liquid.

It is a further object yof the invention to provide an instrument of the type described, that will be comparatively simple in construction, readily portable, and that will be accurate.

Other vobjects oflthe invention and the features of novelty will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, of which Figure llis a side elevation of an instrument embodying my invention, certain parts beingl shown in section; s

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary front elevation of the .35 instrument shown in Fig. 1, with certain parts broken away;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary elevation of another .40 form of construction embodying my invention;

and

Fig. 5 lis ay transverse section on the line 5 5 of Fig..4. i

ReferringV to Figs. 1, 2 and 3,the instrument therein illustratedcomprises a base in which a tubular standard is secured, this standard consisting of the short piece of pipe 11, the T ntting 12, and the pipe 13. At theupper end of the pipe 13 there is a lateral extension formed 50 by the elbows 14 and 15 and the nipple 16.,v The T 12 carries a laterally projecting arm which is formed by the nipple 1'1 and-the elbow 18.A AA

liquid receptacle is supported by this laterally projecting arm land'consists `of abottom plate 155.3 19, a cylinder 20, preferably of glass, `and a top plate. 21, the cylinder being clamped between .the plates 19 and 21 by the bolts 22. It will be understood that the joint between the. bottom o f the cylinder 20 and lthe plate 19y will be liq'- uid-tight to prevent leakage ofthe liquid from vthe receptacle. c

Afglass tube 23 has its upper end'secured in the lower end of the elbow 15 by means of a gland nut 24 and-suitable' packing 25 so as to` form a tight connection between the elbow and the tube. The tube 23 projects through the cov- Verl 21 of the liquid receptacle to a point adjacent the bottom thereof and a horseshoe-shaped oat 26 is arranged within the receptacleso" as tofloat on the liquid therein. A scale 27 is adjustably securedat its lower-end, yto ythefloat 26, by means of screws 28 and the upper yend of -this scale Ais secured to a ring 29 that is freelyslidable on the glass tube or column 23..r A drain plug 30 is arranged in the bottom plate 19k of the liquid receptaclefor theA purposeof draining theliquid therefrom Whenever desired. The pipe 11 has a hollowlateral extension-31 to which a -exible tube .32 is attached, this tube being for thepurpose of Vconnecting the vinstrument with the space'in which the vacuum is-to be measured. By this arrangement, the tube 32. is connected with the instrument near the base so as to be outof the way'and also have little` adjusted on the float 26 so that the zero point on the scale coincides with the liquid level 33. The calibrations on the scale 27 will, therefore, indicate heights above the liquid level 33 in the receptacle. When vacuum is applied to theinstrument by means of the tube 32, the liquid will rise inthe column 23 to a point correspond- 10 ing to theamount of the vacuum and, as the liquid rises in the column 23, the level 33, in the receptacle, will be lower but, since the zero point on the scale 2'7 coincides with the level 33 at Yall times, the amount of the vacuum may be 105 read directly from the scale 27by noting .the point ron the scale which coincides-with the level of the liquid in the columnvv 23. The liquid in the receptacle maybe mercury, water, or any lother liquid, and thejscale 27 may be calibratedv 110 Y f according to the metric or any other desired system of measurement.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, the scale 34 is arranged Within the glass column and adjustably secured to the float 36. The column 35 may be sealed to the cover plate 37 of the receptacle, by a suitable cement indicated at 38, and the cover plate may be provided with a tube 39 which may serve as a Vent tube, for the interior of the receptacle, when the instrument is used as a vacuum gauge, or the tube 39 may serve as a means for connecting a exible tube, similar to the tube 32, to apply pressure to the interior of the receptacle when the instrument is used as a pressure gauge. In the latter case, the extension 31 on the standard would act as a Vent tube. Openings 40 may be provided in the bottom of the float 36 to permit the liquid to enter the central Well therein.

It will-be apparent that when pressure is apfplied to the interior of the receptacle, by means of the tube 39, the liquid in the receptacle will lbe forced upwardly in the column 35 and the height to whichf the liquid rises in the column will be measured on the scale 341V and thus the pressure may be determined. On the other hand, when the instrument is used as a vacuum gauge theY tube 39 Will'act as a vent for the interior of the liquid. receptacle, and the operation of the instrument will be similar to that described in` connection with the form illustrated'in Figs.

1 to `3. Y

While I have described and illustrated what I now consider to be the preferred form of my invention, it will be understood that the various details ofconstruction may be varied without departing from/the spirit of the invention as defined in theV appended claims.

Having` thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a device of the class described, the combination of a receptacle having a body of liquid therein, atransparent tubular column having its lower end arranged in said body of liquid, a float onY said liquid, and a gauge carried by said oat and: extendingY upwardly therefrom exteriorly of Vand alongside said column and slidable relative to the latter, said gauge having calibrations to indicate heights above the level of the liquid in said receptacle. v

2. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a tubular standard having a downwardly opening extension at its upper end and a. connection adjacenty its. lower end' through whichl the vacuum-to be measured is transmitted, a laterally extending arm on said standard, a transparent tubular column connected with said extension, a receptacle for a liquid carried by said arm and into which the lower end of said column projects, a float on the liquid in said receptacle, anda gauge carried by said float and movable relative tofsaidf column.

3. In apparatus ofthe class described, the combination. of a tubular standard having a downwardly opening extension at its upper end, Va transparent tubular column connected With said extension, a receptacle carried by said standard and containing a body of liquid into` which the lowerend of said column projects, a float on the liquid in said receptacle', a gauge carried byA said float and movable relative to said column", and separate venting means for said" receptacle and said standard, oneA of said venting means being adapted to serve as the connection through which the` apparatus is subjected tov the fluid tension to be measured. Y Y j 4. In apparatus of' the 'class described; the'corn'- bination of a tubular standard having a ldowrr-V ward extension at its upper end, a receptacle for a body of liquid,l a transparent tubular col; umn connected with said extension and having its lower end submerged in the liquid in said receptacle, a float on said liquid, a gauge secured to sa-idi-oatso as' to bel vertically adjustable relativev thereto,jsaid gauge being movably ajs= socia'ted with said column. so as to measure :the elevation' of the liquid therein, separate venting means for said receptacle and for the upperend of said column, onel of said'venting means being v adapted to serve as the connection throughwhich the apparatus is subjected'v to the iiuidtension to be measured. A

FRED W. YUTZLER, 

